{"id":110,"date":"2020-07-14T19:32:21","date_gmt":"2020-07-14T19:32:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/languagegeek.com\/lgwp\/?page_id=110"},"modified":"2020-08-10T06:29:04","modified_gmt":"2020-08-10T06:29:04","slug":"kwak%cc%93wala-language","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/languagegeek.com\/lgwp\/languages\/wakashan-languages\/kwak%cc%93wala-language\/","title":{"rendered":"Kwak\u0315wala \/ K\u02b7ak\u0313\u02b7ala Language"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kwak\u0315wala Text<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kwak\u0315wala (ISO 639-3: kwk) is a Northern Wakashan<\/a> language spoken at the north end of Vancouver Island and adjacent areas on the mainland. There are several dialects, including: G\u0331ut\u0315sala (Quatsino Sound), Kwak\u0315wala (Gilford Island, Knight Inlet, Kwakiutl, Nimpkish), 'Nak\u0315wala (Northern), and T\u0315\u0142at\u0315\u0142asik\u0315wala (Nahwitti). Liq\u0313\u02b7ala (Lekwiltok) is often considered a dialect of Kwak\u0315wala as well, but may warrant separate language status and uses a different orthography.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first writing system presented here is the practical orthography as given in Grubb 1977<\/a> and updated in Galois 1994<\/a>. The U'mista Cultural Society<\/a> uses a modified version of this orthography for that Kwak\u0315wala dialect, for which it is official. The Grubb orthography differs from the one given here in that: it has the digraph \u2039lh\u203a for the current \u2039\u0142\u203a, the vowels \u2039e\u203a and \u2039eh\u203a are now \u2039a\u0331\u203a and \u2039e\u203a, and it writes ejective stops with the apostrophe after the letter instead of above it: as \u2039k\u2019\u203a, \u2039t\u2019\u203a, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second writing system uses Americanist Phonetic symbols which are commonly used by North American linguists. It is currently in use for at least the southern (Liq\u0313\u02b7ala) dialect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Canadian Census<\/a> counts 605 people with knowledge of Kwak\u0315wala in 2016. According to Howe and Cook<\/a>, there are 200 Kwak\u0315wala and Liq\u0313\u02b7ala speakers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Contents<\/p>\n